Nigeria Leads African Crude Oil Exports to the United States in 2025

Nigeria has emerged as Africa’s top supplier of crude oil to the United States in 2025, shipping an estimated 33.23 million barrels of crude between January and August. These exports accounted for more than half of all African crude delivered to U.S. markets during the same period, highlighting Nigeria’s continued significance in trans-Atlantic energy trade, according to Energy Capital & Power.

The shipments were valued at approximately $2.57 billion, underscoring the country’s strategic role in the U.S. energy supply chain. Nigerian crude grades remain competitive due to pricing advantages and established logistical connections with Atlantic Basin refineries.

Interestingly, early in 2025, the trade relationship saw a notable shift as the United States temporarily became a net exporter of crude to Nigeria. This development was largely driven by the ramp-up of the Dangote Refinery, which required substantial feedstock imports to supplement domestic supply. The episode reflects broader structural changes within Nigeria’s energy sector, where expanding refining capacity is gradually transforming the country from primarily an exporter of crude to a regional energy hub with increasing domestic refining capabilities.

Beyond crude oil, Nigeria’s overall export performance in 2025 has strengthened. The country’s trade surplus widened during the third quarter, supported by higher exports relative to imports. While crude oil remains the dominant contributor, non-oil exports, including natural gas, jet fuel, urea, and select manufactured goods, have also played an increasing role in driving foreign exchange earnings.

Investment and financing initiatives are further shaping the sector’s growth. Afreximbank recently approved a $750 million facility to support Heirs Energies Limited, a move aimed at boosting domestic energy capacity and strengthening regional energy infrastructure.

As Africa’s leading crude oil exporter to the United States this year, Nigeria has reinforced its role in global energy markets while navigating a period of structural transformation. The combination of rising refining capacity, strategic investment, and robust export performance positions the country to maintain its regional energy leadership and expand its influence in international markets in the coming years.